Obesity, the root of all diseases, doubles the risk of cancer and depression

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(Kuala Lumpur News) Obesity is not only an appearance problem, it should also be regarded as a health problem. Chronic diseases derived from obesity, such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke, osteoarthritis and even depression, are all common diseases of modern civilization. Only by recognizing the true face of obesity in time can the harm be minimized.

When talking about obesity, most people’s first impression is that they are bloated or overeat all the time. But in fact, from a word analysis, fat and fat are different. The original meaning of fat is to describe a lot of fat and fat, which is invisible. Body contour generally has a derogatory connotation and is used to describe animals, such as describing a pig as very fat, but fat is different. It is used to describe a person’s plump body, strong muscles, and many, for example, in reality some are less skinny. But women with tight and toned muscles are often described as having sharp curves.

Obesity is not considered a disease medically

As for obesity or overweight, which is often referred to in medicine, it is another matter. According to statistics, when a person is overweight, he or she will not only develop chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, osteoarthritis, chronic kidney disease, respiratory diseases, cancer, infertility, but also mental illness such as depression. The chances of getting sick will be higher, as will the mortality rate.

So should obesity or overweight be classified as a disease?

Associate Professor Lim Lee Ling, Consultant of the Department of Endocrinology at the University of Malaya Medical Center, pointed out that obesity is not classified as a disease medically. It is regarded as a behavioral issue. However, if this behavioral issue is not dealt with in time, But it is enough to cause greater health harm, not just small things such as not being able to buy clothes or occupying other people’s seats on public transportation.

“The social stigma of classifying obesity or overweight as obesity is to awaken the general public to the health harm that obesity can cause, and thus regard it as a problem that must be faced, as mentioned above. And, it can cause a series of chronic diseases, so it is not an exaggeration to regard obesity as the ‘source of all diseases’.”

After clarifying the understanding of obesity, you must understand the definition and data of obesity from the World Health Organization (WHO). Generally, measuring body mass index (BMI) is a very common practice. Taking Malaysia as an example, as long as the index exceeds 23, it is obese, and if the index exceeds 25 and above, it is overweight. In addition to BMI, it is more accurate to measure central obesity. The so-called central obesity refers to obesity characterized by the accumulation of abdominal fat, especially visceral fat. For Asian men and women, the waist circumference of men is greater than 90 cm. Or a woman’s waist circumference is over 80 centimeters, even if she is not overweight on the scale.

She said that some people’s limbs are not fat and their weight is not overweight, but they have a big belly. This is the so-called central obesity or commonly known as apple-shaped figure. These men and women with excessive waist circumference are overweight but have normal waist circumference. Men and women are more likely to suffer from diabetes. Furthermore, because their waistline has high visceral fat, their chances of developing cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease are also increased.

March 4th every year is World Obesity Day. According to the latest data released by the World Health Organization, as of last year, there were more than 1 billion obese men and women worldwide, of which 650 million were adults, 340 million were adolescents, and 340 million were children. 39 million people, if they recognize the impact of obesity in time, they can minimize various health harms.

“It is worth noting that during the COVID-19 epidemic, obese men and women, including children, had much higher rates of diagnosis, severe illness, hospitalization, and mortality than men and women without obesity.”

So how serious is obesity in Malaysia? “According to data, obesity in our country has reached an astonishing 50% figure. In other words, one in every two people has a BMI over 23, and is classified as a fat man or fat woman. It is also the first ‘fat’ in Southeast Asia. If It is no exaggeration to regard obesity as another ticking time bomb for our country’s public health.”

Establish personal motivation for weight loss

When facing the problem of obesity or overweight, how to lose weight is crucial, but losing weight is not a 100-meter sprint but a long marathon. Therefore, correct psychological construction is the key before losing weight, that is, you must establish a It is a personal motivation to lose weight, and specific achievable goals should be listed according to the situation, rather than being too ambitious, such as reducing weight by 30% in a short period of time. This will not help the weight loss process and will only damage it. Once it cannot be achieved, there will inevitably be consequences. The thought of giving up.

She suggested that after everyone establishes the correct motivation and lists the goals, they must then list the factors of obesity, including how to resist temptations and traps.

“Our country is undeniably a food paradise. You can find all kinds of cheap and good-quality food here. However, looking at the types of food, we find that it is more related to starch and lacks sufficient nutrients. Therefore, it is also important to understand the type of food first to reduce the risk. It is one of the indispensable lessons on this journey.”

For many years, the Ministry of Health has been working hard to implement the “My Healthy Plate” (suku suku separuh) program, but many people still don’t understand it. In fact, in addition to the lack of awareness among the general public, on the other hand, it is related to healthy eating. Being hard to find and having a higher price have a big impact.

Next comes the amount of exercise. Our country is a country that is hot all year round. When you think about going out for activities, you will think of sweating. Therefore, this also goes back to the government’s urban planning, including building more pavilions or shades. It is worth noting. What’s interesting is that during the previous movement control order (MCO), no one was allowed to go out for exercise, but after they were allowed to open up, a craze for exercise set off. If this craze for exercise among the people can continue, I believe it will help improve our country’s obesity index. will be very effective.

Diet, exercise, awareness of obesity, and personal life routine are the four cornerstones of weight loss. How to make the weight loss process gradual and persevere is the key.

Learning to coexist with “temptations” and “traps”

Facing various “temptations” and “traps” that are difficult to resist in life are also influencing factors. For example, food delivery services are becoming more and more popular or clothes are available in all sizes. Taking food delivery services as an example, the meals usually chosen are It is more convenient, so if you want to eat healthily, you have to pay a higher price, or else you have fewer choices.

As for clothing size, it is a “trap” that must be paid attention to. Many times when a person’s weight changes, the most direct manifestation is whether the clothes he is wearing are loose or tight. Finding that the clothes are tight means that the weight has soared, but now the clothes The choices range from XL to XXL to XXXL, and I don’t notice the “warning” given by the clothes at all.

All in all, when facing obesity or overweight, you must first recognize the harm it causes, then establish the correct motivation and goal for weight loss, and then learn how to coexist with “temptations” and “traps” in the process, so as to The rest of your weight loss journey will go more smoothly.

In recent years, the most popular weight loss methods are different types of diets, such as ketogenic diet, Mediterranean diet, etc. In this regard, Lin Liling pointed out that the diet remains the same. It only needs to take into consideration the three main points, namely nutritional balance, calorie calculation and improving metabolism. For example, if a person weighs 80 kilograms, he must The caloric intake is 2,000 kcal. If he wants to achieve reasonable weight loss, he must reduce his daily caloric intake to 1,500 kcal, thereby achieving the effect of losing 0.5 kilograms in a week.

In terms of nutritional balance, you can refer to the “My Healthy Plate” (suku suku separuh) concept provided by the Ministry of Health, which is to reasonably consume the vegetable and fruit fiber, protein, fat and carbohydrates required by the body.

However, the human body’s response mechanism is very sensitive. Once it detects a decrease in caloric intake, the metabolic rate will decrease accordingly. This also explains why some people do not lose weight even though they eat very little. The reason is the decrease in metabolic rate. .

So how to improve people’s metabolic rate? The answer is through exercise. As long as any kind of exercise can be sustained for 30 minutes, and the rest period per week does not exceed 48 hours (that is, exercise 5 days per week), the new metabolic rate can be maintained and increased. Once the calorie intake is reduced (calorie intake is reduced) ), you can see a reasonable weight loss effect with one addition (New Metabolism Improvement).

Nutritional supplements for weight loss are not proven

In order to encourage more people to incorporate exercise into their daily routine, more and more companies are now providing after-work exercise services to their employees, such as building sports venues within the company or providing exercise subsidies. Even some insurance companies are actively The purpose of providing different discounts or premium rebates to sports customers is to create a society where all people exercise, which is something worth encouraging.

So which kind of exercise is best for weight loss? As mentioned above, any exercise can be maintained for 30 minutes a day and the rest period does not exceed 48 hours. The first consideration when choosing exercise is safety. For example, for the elderly, Lin Liling will encourage Tai Chi or square dancing, or walking in the park; in addition, if you choose to ride a bicycle outdoors, you must pay attention to road safety, and remember that exercise does not refer to those that are particularly intense, such as breaking out in sweat. As for exercise, individuals can choose the appropriate exercise according to their own habits and convenience.

In recent years, in the field of weight loss, in addition to different diets, different types of nutritional supplements have also appeared on the market claiming to be able to improve weight. However, when the patient mentioned these products to her during the consultation, she found that these products Products that can reduce weight and improve diabetes are, at best, comprehensive nutrient products with ingredients including calcium, vitamins or trace elements. As for whether they can reduce weight and improve diabetes, there is still a lack of sufficient scientific data. Some other products have the above mentioned benefits. In addition to the nutrients, testosterone or vitamin K2 are even added. Many times patients will think that these products are not medicines and are more “natural” and can be taken safely, but this is a wrong myth.

“In the outpatient clinic, no obesity patient has improved his weight through these products. More often, different treatments including drugs must be given according to the situation. In the past, drugs for obesity included sibutramine (which has been removed from the list). sibutramine), orlistat and phentermine, which can only be purchased with a doctor’s prescription. However, these drugs are gradually being eliminated due to their respective side effects, such as reducing vitamin absorption or inhibiting the central nervous system. Nowadays, they are targeted at people with diabetes. For patients with obesity, the drugs used include SGLT-2 inhibitors or glucagon-like ?-1 agonists (GLP-1 agonists), because these drugs have been used for a period of time, and there is scientific evidence Research data shows that it is safer and more effective than previously used drugs.”

Stem cell weight loss lacks scientific data

However, it should be noted that these drugs first require a doctor’s prescription, and secondly, they are targeted at obese patients who also have chronic diseases such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and even heart failure. It is not feasible to use them simply for weight loss, and there is no relevant data. It has been proven to be safe to use, but in the end it is expensive. It is obviously not a wise idea to add hundreds to thousands of ringgit in “weight loss fees” every month for no reason.

In addition to drugs, the use of stem cells has also become a topic of weight loss in recent years. Although there is a lack of relevant research data, there are still many people who are interested in using it secretly. This is a very dangerous behavior and can even cause unnecessary accidents.

At present, stem cells are most commonly used in the medical field, including hematology and oncology, while endocrinology is used in the research of type 1 diabetes. There is still a lack of more scientific data. In short, at this stage, The use of stem cells for weight loss is still in the research stage.

Lose weight without drugs

MI helps find a healthy life

So where should our fat men and women go? Because obesity is not only a personal problem, it has even become a problem that can affect a country’s economy and future. It has sounded the alarm for our country’s public health many years ago.

In view of this, taking the University of Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) as an example, it has already begun to treat obesity, including incorporating motivational interviewing (MI) into the treatment of obesity patients in recent years, so as to help people with obesity. Fat young men and fat women escape from the vortex of obesity and return to a healthy life.

People with a BMI over 30 should be included in the observation list

Obesity is not a disease, nor should it be regarded as one of the social stains. The reason why it appears is directly related to an individual’s daily routine, including diet and exercise, and even the understanding of obesity. Therefore, the purpose of MI is to bring benefits to obese men and women. One good news is that “you don’t need to rely on drugs to lose weight.” MI is more about bringing them correct weight loss information. How to lose weight healthily is the key.

Who can join MI? In fact, as long as the body mass index (BMI) exceeds 30, it should be included in the observation objects of MI. However, due to limited resources, obese patients who can currently be included in MI must have a BMI exceeding 35 and have chronic diseases (such as sleep apnea). , diabetes, chronic kidney disease, etc.), or if the BMI exceeds 40 or above, even if no chronic disease is detected, it is still a subject of MI observation.

So who are the members of MI? In addition to endocrinologists, they also include clinical psychotherapists (psychologists), family medicine and sports medicine doctors, dietitians and nurses. Generally, the entire course of treatment lasts for 6 For months, patients who join MI will meet with the relevant medical staff one by one and get an in-depth understanding of the situation, because each patient’s treatment course is different.

Surgery is an option if your BMI exceeds 40

The first consultation can last up to 1 hour or more, and then a targeted treatment plan will be implemented. Each subsequent consultation will also include a sharing of successful examples, so that patients who are already familiar with each other can encourage each other and help each other lose weight. driving force. In fact, one’s daily routine is the biggest culprit of obesity, and changing lifestyle is also the most difficult part of human nature. However, through MI, we can see one example after another of people who can lose weight without relying on drugs.

If you still can’t lower your BMI to 40 through lifestyle, MI, and medications, then the next thing you need to consider is gastric reduction or gastrectomy surgery by an upper gastrointestinal surgeon. This is because if a person’s BMI Once you are over 40, even other treatments may not help, and surgery is an effective option to achieve lasting control of metabolic risk factors.

However, it is worth noting that there have not been many cases requiring surgery in recent years, and patients are not very willing to accept it. Firstly, they do not want to have surgery, and secondly, there are other things to pay attention to after surgery, such as maintaining a healthy routine, and other factors. There are side effects such as being unable to absorb certain nutrients. The most important thing is that since you can improve your weight through a healthy lifestyle, why should you go under the knife?

Workers’ frequent sick leave affects economy

Question 1: Why has obesity become one of the national economic burdens?

Answer 1: This can be divided into two parts. The direct one is that obesity is the root of all diseases. When a person is overweight, various chronic diseases will follow, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, acid reflux, sleep apnea, and cancer. On the indirect side, more and more people’s health index is not ideal. For example, young people often take sick leave while working, so there is no need to expect economic growth. Furthermore, work efficiency will become very poor, thus affecting the country’s economy.

Therefore, I would suggest that there must be more community screening and proactively contact these men and women with excessive BMI. In addition, the hospital must also strengthen its contact with the physical examination center. Once there are obese men and women, they will be referred to the hospital, and the hospital will follow up on the patients. As for the national policy, we hope to have more public transportation or parks to help the whole people move.

The wrong concept of “raising” children richly

Question 2: Can children be healthy only if they are “rich”?

Answer 2: The most common thing is that it is just more difficult to buy clothes. Little does anyone know that behind obesity is the beginning of health damage. Secondly, at a glance, there are fat men and fat women. Therefore, obesity is regarded as a normal thing, but it is generally not worth it. Happy, on the contrary need to feel worried.

There is often a misconception in traditional families that children must be “rich”, so they think it is necessary to “grow more fat”. However, in fact, childhood obesity has become more and more serious. This misconception must be corrected. Because if a child is too fat, it means that he must secrete more insulin. When he grows up, he will find that his pancreas has been overworked.

Therefore, the elders in the family must keep in mind that no child will “lose weight on his own when he grows up”. Parents must educate their children from an early age on the harm that obesity will bring to their health to prevent them from becoming fat men and fat women when they grow up.

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