[Love Wants Sexual Fortune Series 296]The era of individualized precision treatment is coming and the survival rate of breast cancer is improving

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(Kuala Lumpur News) The Human Genome Project and the Cancer Genome Project have ushered in the era of precision medicine. The development of precision medicine has significantly improved the benefit rate of tumor treatment, the most typical of which is precision medicine in breast cancer. development of.

The one-size-fits-all model is difficult to meet the needs

What is breast cancer precision medicine? Associate Professor Xue Meihong, Consultant of Breast and Tumor Plastic Surgery at UM, said that the concept of precision medicine was first proposed in 2011, which refers to disease prevention and treatment strategies that take individual differences into account, and tumor research is the short-term goal of precision medicine.

“Its essence is to use bioinformatics, tumor biology, genomics and other technologies, and integrate clinical data of patients to provide precise diagnosis and treatment for patients with different biological characteristics. Precision medicine for breast cancer is an individual based on precise typing. comprehensive treatment.”

And why does breast cancer need precision medicine? She said that with the development of tumor molecular biology research, more and more attention has been paid to the complexity, variability and high heterogeneity of breast cancer itself. For the same breast cancer patient, the sensitivity to treatment and the probability of future recurrence and metastasis may vary among different patients; in the same breast cancer patient, there may be multiple punctures between different metastatic sites or even the same site. Different results, this is a concrete manifestation of the high heterogeneity of tumors.

The traditional “one size fits all” model obviously cannot meet the needs of diagnosis and treatment, and individualization and precision have become the future trend of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Efficacy varies from patient to patient

What is the role of precision medicine in breast cancer diagnosis? She revealed that in the past 20 years, the individualized treatment of breast cancer has mainly relied on classical molecular subtypes based on immunohistochemistry, which is also the prototype of precision medicine in breast cancer.

Now, with new developments in precision medicine, which we also call individualized and individualized medicine, other genetic tests can also check for genetic changes and variations, sometimes called mutations, within breast cancer cells to help identify the most likely cause of cancer. You are cured or you need some kind of treatment.

For example, cells from breast cancer tumors can be examined to see if they produce excess amounts of the protein HER2. HER2-positive breast cancers may respond very well to protein drugs that target calcium, especially another triple-negative type. Breast cancer (triple-negative breast cancer), the treatment and efficacy of different patients are also uneven.

She said that with the advent of the era of precision medicine, breast cancer patients can now use a variety of genetic testing models such as 21-gene testing (Oncotype DX) and 70-gene testing (Mammaprint) to predict breast cancer recurrence and treatment effects.

So, what role does genetics or precision medicine have in breast cancer treatment?

In the era of precision medicine, the research and development of targeted therapy drugs is a bright spot and focus. The advent of HER2-targeted drugs such as Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, T-DM1, and lapatinib has greatly improved the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

In addition, targeted drug CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have also become an important treatment strategy for patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Despite advances in targeted therapy,

Triple-negative is still a more difficult type in clinical practice.

“Many promising precision therapeutic strategies include immunotherapy,

PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors,

PARP inhibitors give triple-negative patients new hope. “

Choose multiple options to improve efficacy

Create more gospel for patients

The means of precise surgical treatment are continuously strengthened, striving to reduce surgery-related injuries as much as possible and improve the quality of life (Quality of Life) while ensuring the treatment effect.

Xue Meihong pointed out that in terms of surgery, breast-conserving surgery has replaced partial or total mastectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy and targeted axillary lymph node dissection, and replaced partial or complete axillary lymph node dissection. Transfer flap reconstruction, these changes fully reflect the concept of precise breast surgical treatment.

A little more awareness and early screening

“Nowadays, in the era of precision medicine, the individualized treatment options for breast cancer are more diversified. While improving the curative effect, the risk of adverse reactions is reduced as much as possible. It is expected that precision diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer will bring more benefits to more breast cancer patients.” Gospel.”

She reiterated that in terms of precision medicine, many cancers have begun to move towards this trend, such as lung cancer or other cancers such as colorectal cancer, have begun to move towards this medical method. But it actually requires a large team. A single doctor or surgeon cannot fully provide a complete medical patient.

“So, when you are diagnosed with breast cancer, please don’t be so sad. In fact, there are many medical treatments that can help patients improve their living standards, survival rates and reduce recurrence rates.”

“When you receive ‘breast cancer’, try to accept the bad news, especially on the other hand, it will bring us the so-called “second life”. Because from the occurrence of cancer, it can gradually Tell us, in fact, we need to take good care of our bodies, and also to our friends around us, to be more aware and get screened as early as possible.”

Breast self-exam once a month

She reminded, especially don’t forget to do breast self-examination once a month. If you find some abnormal signs in your breasts, try to go to the doctor to confirm whether there is a problem or change.

“If you really need it, don’t worry. Today’s inspection equipment such as X-rays, mammography (Mammography), ultrasound (Ultrasound) and screening tools are all good tools.”

At the end, Xue Meihong made a conclusion, saying that she hopes that the individualized treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine can bring more benefits to breast cancer patients.

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